I-LiNbO3 Crystaline-electro-optical eyingqayizivele, i-piezoelectric, i-photoelastic ne-nonlinear optical properties.Ziyi-birefringent ngokuqinile.Asetshenziswa ekuphindaphindeni kwe-laserfrequency optics, optics nonlinear, Pockels cell, oscillator oscillator optical parametric, Q-switching devices for lasers, other acousto-opticdevices, optical switches for gigahertz frequencies, njll. Kuyinto enhle kakhulu yokwenziwa kwamagagasi okukhanya, njll.